Wednesday, 6 May 2026

Athens City Break 2024 with My Son: Acropolis, Ancient Agora & Rooftop Views of the Parthenon

 

Athens Travel Blog – November 2024: Acropolis, Ancient History & Exploring with Travis


✈️ Arrival in Athens – Travel from London to the City Centre

In November 2024, I travelled with my son Travis from London Gatwick Airport to Athens International Airport Eleftherios Venizelos for a short but history-packed city break in Greece.

From the airport, we took the combined train and metro/tram system into the city. The journey is straightforward and efficient, with the airport line connecting directly to central Athens stations. We disembarked at the stop closest to our hotel and made a short walk to the Dorian Inn Hotel Athens, located within easy reach of the historic centre.




🌆 First Evening – Rooftop Views of the Acropolis

That first evening, we kept things simple and headed up to the hotel rooftop restaurant. It turned out to be a perfect introduction to Athens.

With a light meal and drinks, we sat looking out at the illuminated Acropolis of Athens glowing above the city. Seeing it lit up at night, towering over the modern streets below, was the first moment the scale of the history really hit home.





🏛️ Walking to the Acropolis – Cafés, Chaos & Ancient Streets

The next morning we set out on foot from the hotel toward the Acropolis. The walk is roughly 7 km (about 60-90 minutes) depending on the route, and it takes you through some of the most atmospheric parts of central Athens.

Along the way, you constantly pass layers of history—Roman ruins, neoclassical buildings, and small archaeological remains tucked between cafés and shops.



At one point we stopped for breakfast… including what may have been the largest croissant we’ve ever seen, paired with what was probably the worst coffee of the trip. A classic travel balance.




🏺 Climbing the Acropolis – Parthenon, Odeon & Ancient Temples

We purchased entry tickets and began the climb up through the winding pathways of the Acropolis.

Key highlights along the route included:

  • The Odeon of Herodes Atticus, still used today for performances
  • Smaller ancient sanctuaries and temple remains along the ascent
  • Panoramic views across Athens as the city opens up below

At the summit, we reached the iconic structures of the Acropolis, including:

  • Parthenon
  • The Temple of Athena Nike (a smaller but beautifully preserved structure nearby)

The Parthenon, dedicated to Athena, dominates the skyline and remains one of the most recognisable buildings in the world. Over its long history it has been used as a temple, church, mosque, and even a munitions store.

One of the most significant moments of damage came in 1687, when Venetian forces besieging the city struck the structure, which was being used by Ottoman forces to store gunpowder—causing a massive explosion that destroyed much of the interior.

Despite this, what remains is still extraordinary.









⚖️ Socrates Prison & Acropolis Museum

After descending, we visited the so-called Prison of Socrates, traditionally identified as the site where the philosopher was held before his execution in 399 BC.

We then visited the nearby Acropolis Museum, which provides incredible context to everything seen on the hill above. The museum’s glass floors and open design allow you to see ongoing excavations beneath your feet while displaying original sculptures and artefacts from the Acropolis itself.






🍽️ Exploring Athens – Food, Streets & Local Flavour

The surrounding neighbourhoods were just as enjoyable to explore. Narrow streets, small squares, and endless cafés make it easy to wander without a fixed plan.

One of the highlights was stopping at a small local café for a fantastic gyro, served simply and perfectly—one of those meals that reminds you why street food is often the best food while travelling.




🏛️ Ancient Agora – Temples, Stoas & Classical Athens

The following day we continued exploring Athens, focusing on the Ancient Agora of Athens, the heart of classical public life.

Key features included:

  • The Temple of Hephaestus, one of the best-preserved ancient Greek temples in the world
  • The Stoa of Attalos, reconstructed and now housing museum exhibits
  • Open courtyards and ruins where public gatherings, politics, and philosophy once took place
  • Smaller shrines and foundations scattered throughout the site

Walking through the Agora really brings home how central this area was to the development of democracy and Western political thought.






🇬🇷 Final Thoughts – Athens Through History

Athens is one of those cities where history isn’t confined to museums—it’s everywhere. From ancient ruins embedded in modern streets to monumental sites like the Acropolis rising above the city, it’s impossible not to feel connected to the past while walking around.

Travelling with Travis added another layer to the experience, sharing moments that combine history, travel, and everyday discovery.


❓ Travel Reflection

If you’ve visited Athens, did you focus mainly on the major sites like the Acropolis and Agora—or did you find some of the smaller, less obvious ruins and neighbourhood spots just as memorable?





Tuesday, 5 May 2026

A Beginner’s View of the Universe (Ongoing Notes from an Astronomy student and lazy Amateur Astronomer)

 

Hi all,

As some of you know, I’m currently studying astronomy at the University of Lancashire. Coming to this later in life has been both challenging and genuinely fascinating — there’s something quite humbling about realising how much there is to learn about the universe.

Rather than writing separate posts every time I come across something interesting, I thought I’d try something different: a single, evolving post that I’ll keep updating as I go.

This will be a mix of:

  • things I’m learning
  • observations from my own imaging
  • and the occasional “10 things about…” style notes

I’ll update this regularly, so feel free to check back in from time to time.


🔭 Current Setup

I’m using a Seestar S30, which has been a great entry point into imaging.

So far I’ve been using it for:

  • Solar imaging
  • Lunar shots
  • Deep Sky Objects (DSOs)

It’s surprisingly capable for something so compact, and ideal for someone like me who’s still learning the ropes without wanting to get buried in overly complex setups (yet).


☀️ 10 Things About the Sun

  1. The Sun accounts for about 99.8% of the mass in the entire solar system.
  2. It’s around 4.6 billion years old — roughly halfway through its life.
  3. The core temperature is about 15 million °C.
  4. Light from the Sun takes about 8 minutes to reach Earth.
  5. The Sun is mostly hydrogen and helium.
  6. Nuclear fusion in the core converts hydrogen into helium.
  7. Sunspots are cooler areas caused by magnetic activity.
  8. Solar flares can disrupt communications on Earth.
  9. The Sun has an 11-year activity cycle.
  10. One day, it will expand into a red giant.

(I’ll add more sections like this over time for other objects.)




🌙 Recent Observations – Moon

[Update this section regularly]

I have spent some time capturing the Moon recently using my SeeStar S30.

Conditions were:

  • Seeing: Fair to Good (≈ 5–7/10)
  • Transparency: Moderate
  • Conditions: A relatively stable evening with some high-level haze at times. Seeing was decent enough for lunar detail, though not perfectly steady — occasional atmospheric shimmer noticeable at higher magnifications.

What stood out most was the level of surface detail — craters and shadow contrast were particularly sharp.

Things I’m learning:

  • Timing really matters (early vs late phase)
  • Even small changes in conditions make a big difference



🌌 Deep Sky Objects (DSOs)

[Ongoing section]

I’ve started experimenting with DSOs — still early days.

Targets so far:

  • IC1318
  • M31
  • M42
  • M101

Challenges:

  • Light pollution
  • Tracking limitations
  • Processing (still learning!)





🧠 Things I’m Learning (and Re-learning)

  • Patience matters more than equipment
  • Conditions often matter more than settings
  • You don’t need perfect gear to get started
  • Half the battle is just going outside and trying

🔄 This Post Will Evolve

I’ll keep updating this with:

  • new observations
  • new images
  • short “10 things about…” sections (planets, galaxies, etc.)

❓ Question

For those of you interested in space or photography:

What would you like me to try and capture next — the Moon, planets, or more deep sky objects?


More updates soon.

Monday, 4 May 2026

Top 6 Archaeological Sites in Malta You Must Visit.

Ancient megalithic temple site in Malta, part of the island’s UNESCO-listed prehistoric heritage.

Malta is one of the most remarkable archaeological destinations in the Mediterranean, home to ancient sites that date back more than 5,000 years. Long before the pyramids of Egypt, early builders on the islands created some of the world’s oldest free-standing stone structures. Today, these prehistoric temples and sites offer a rare window into a lost civilisation—combining mystery, engineering skill, and ancient ritual in one landscape.

 

 🏛️ Top 6 Archaeological Sites in Malta 


1. Ġgantija Temples (Gozo) One of the oldest known free-standing structures in the world, built around 3600 BC. These massive limestone temples are older than Stonehenge and the Egyptian pyramids.






2. Ħaġar Qim Temples A dramatic clifftop temple complex overlooking the sea. Known for its finely carved stonework and alignment with the sun during solstices. These prehistoric structures are dated between 3600 and 3200 BC, making them older than the Egyptian Pyramids and Stonehenge.





The entire site is protected by a large tent structure installed in 2009 to prevent weathering and surface flaking. Ħaġar Qim is a UNESCO World Heritage site located on a hilltop overlooking the Mediterranean Sea.



3. Mnajdra Temples Located near Ħaġar Qim, this site is famous for its astronomical alignment and beautifully preserved temple layout.




These prehistoric temples date back to approximately 3600-3200 BC, making them among the oldest 'religious' monuments in the world. The site consists of three distinct buildings arranged in a cloverleaf or three-apse design, constructed from local limestone.

4. Tarxien Temples A richly decorated complex featuring some of the most detailed stone carvings found in Maltese prehistoric sites, including spiral motifs and animal reliefs. 




The temple complex consists of four distinct structures built between approximately 3,600 and 2,500 BC, making them over 5,000 years old. The site was discovered by local farmers in 1913, long after the nearby Ħal Saflieni Hypogeum was found. Excavations revealed prehistoric art, unique spiral designs, and evidence that the site was originally used for animal sacrifices.

5. Ghar Dalam Cave. The cave is a renowned archaeological site where researchers have discovered fossilized remains of extinct animals, including dwarf elephants and hippos, dating back to the Ice Age. It features six distinct layers of deposits that provide an uninterrupted record of the Pleistocene period, crucial for understanding ancient Maltese prehistory. Today, visitors can take guided tours to explore the cave's ancient underground landscape and visit the on-site museum to see the artifacts and fossils discovered there.




6. Hypogeum of Ħal Saflieni A unique underground burial complex carved entirely into rock. This UNESCO World Heritage Site reveals extraordinary insight into prehistoric burial rituals and acoustics. These ancient sites not only showcase Malta’s deep history but also raise enduring questions about the people who built them and how such advanced structures were created so early in human civilisation.

Which of these sites would you most like to visit in Malta?

Other interesting sites of archaeological significance worth seeing are...

Domus Romana (1st Century BC Roman Villa between Mdina and Rabat).



Xwejni Salt Pans (A practice believed to have been started by the Phoenicians and expanded by the Romans):




 Mdina Gate: Built in 1724.



 Map of Archaeological Sites in Malta 






This guide highlights six of the most important archaeological sites in Malta that are essential for understanding the island’s unique past.


Wednesday, 8 April 2026

Tunis and Carthage Travel Guide: Top Things to See & Do

 Welcome back everyone and welcome to my first solo trip for 2026! Living the retired life ain't half bad ya know.

Tunis and nearby Carthage offer a striking contrast between ancient history and living culture. On one side, the ruins of one of the most powerful cities of the ancient world; on the other, the vibrant streets, markets, and architecture of modern Tunisia’s capital. Together, they create a unique destination where Roman ruins, Phoenician history, and North African culture sit side by side..

Back to day 1. I'm staying at the Ibis Tunis which is about 20 kilometers South of Carthage so I hired a guide to drive me around and explain the history. So, pick up at 9am by Noureddine Boukari (here's the plug... WhatsApp (+216) 24 332 451 and boukari.noureddine@gmail.com).

First stop was the highest point in Carthage, the location of the Cathedral of St Louis IX who died in 1270 and was buried in Carthage. His body was disinterred in the 1800's when Tunisia was a French colony. Fun fact, well interesting maybe not fun, Louis led the seventh crusade. You know, those pesky little escapades organised by the church and European nobles!

Three Layers of History

What makes this site particularly impressive is that there are three distinct layers of history:

  • Punic period (814–146 BC): Carthage at its peak, including the Punic Wars and Hannibal’s famous march across the Alps with elephants.
  • Roman period (146 BC–533 AD): After Carthage fell to Rome in the Third Punic War.
  • Byzantine period (533–698 AD): Eastern Roman control from Constantinople.
 View from the Byzantine level

My hat has now been to 20+ countries 
The level I am standing on is Byzantine, and the lowest visible remains are Punic. Unfortunately, very little survives from the Punic period due to destruction and reuse of materials.

Looking down to the Punic layer

If you walk to the rear of the Cathedral you'll find a sort of relic garden where they have collected ruins. There's also a statue of St Louis IX and his, now empty, sarcophagus. I've attached a photo of the sarcophagus and a picture of a tiny version. So, horrible history time, the tiny ones were used for the ashes of the first born son. Apparently, the Phoenicians required that first born sons be sacrificed. This continued until a general refused, he sacrificed a slave which led to his son growing up to be Hannibal!

St Louis IX sarcophagus 


A smaller version is also displayed. These were associated with burial traditions—some Phoenician tombs were later interpreted as containing remains of first-born children, a topic still debated by historians.

Cathedral Views

Although I wasn’t there for modern architecture, the Cathedral itself is very striking, so I’ve included a few photos below.



Travellers Hint

You’ll find a lot of stalls at the major sites selling similar items—small mosaics, mini statues, etc.

Be careful as prices are often inflated and haggling is expected. Some vendors take offence if you don’t engage.

Also, don’t assume everything is authentic—Punic coins are commonly sold, but genuine 2,500-year-old coins at 40 dinar is very unlikely..

Second Stop – Roman Amphitheatre

A short drive brought us to a Roman amphitheatre used for executions.

Built around the 1st–2nd century AD, it is associated with the martyrdom of early Christians, most notably Saints Perpetua and Felicity, who were killed by wild animals in 203 AD.

The site was buried for centuries and only excavated in the last hundred years.


The center is where the animals were kept 

Roman Aqueduct

Next stop was part of the Roman aqueduct system.

The Romans were master engineers, and this system is a good example of their scale and complexity.

In Tunisia, the aqueduct stretched 134 km and fed a system of cisterns supplying around 30,000 people.



Aquaduct cistern 

Roman Theatre

By now it was getting very warm—no surprise in North Africa.

Carthage actually had two theatres:

  • a winter theatre (smaller, lower site near the cathedral)
  • a summer theatre (larger, designed for shade in the afternoon)

The theatre is still occasionally used today, with only parts of the seating and stage original.

It has hosted acts such as Kool & The Gang, and Churchill also gave a speech here in 1943 to the 8th Army.


Stunning view from the theatre 


 Great views!

Roman Baths (Antonine Baths)

Next stop was the Roman baths—second largest in the world.

The site was built over part of a Punic necropolis, though little remains of that earlier period.

The baths were started under Hadrian in 117 AD and completed under Antonius in 165 AD. Roman baths consisted of four chambers. 

Roman bath structure included:

  • Apodyterium (changing rooms)
  • Tepidarium (warm room)
  • Frigidarium (cold plunge pool)

The scale is larger than the famous baths in Bath, England.


Ok, by now I was starting to flag. Being old and tired, spent most of the night chasing mosquitoes 🦟, plus it being around 25c pretty much did me in. 

Travellers tip: Don't open your hotel window unless you like 🦟. There's a salt lake at the edge of the city. The government has reclaimed some of the land and are aggressively building there, including a new USA embassy. However, despite their efforts, they haven't got rid of the mozzies.

Back to the hotel with a quick stop for supplies and a bite to eat, a 'Brik' which is a deep fried savoury pastry made from thin mollsouka dough...like filo pastry, and filled with cheese (you can tuna and egg but that just sounds nasty).

All in all a good outing. Tomorrow is a visit to the Medina for some shopping and haggling.

Day 2 begins…

Started out less than ideal due to a last-minute flight change caused by a strike in Germany. I’m now flying back via Paris on Air France.

Medina of Tunis

The Medina was the main focus of the morning.

It was lively, colourful, and full of jewellery and craft stalls.

Compared to Moroccan medinas, it felt less aggressive and more relaxed, which made it easier to explore.






I will be going to the American WW2 cemetery later this afternoon, more of an update later.

Ok, went out to do some more exploring. My guide yesterday mentioned the American Cemetery on the outskirts of Carthage so I asked my airport driver if he'd accommodate and, as I was paying, he kindly agreed. What a beautiful site. I have to say the American Battlefield Memorial team always do a fantastic job commemorating those who made the ultimate sacrifice. This site was commissioned in 1960 and is the burial site for 2,883 soldiers, sailors, airmen and civilians including a Medal of Honor winner and a member of the USA 400m relay gold medal team from 1936.







Sidi Bou Said

Final stop was Sidi Bou Said, the blue-and-white clifftop village.

It’s often compared to Santorini but was extremely busy due to a national holiday.

Not usually my kind of scene, but the views were still excellent.




And of course, I had to try a bambalouni—a large doughnut-style street food.


Final Thoughts

All in all, a very full trip combining ancient history, Roman engineering, colonial layers, and modern Tunisian culture.

If you could visit just one site in Tunis or Carthage, which would it be—and why?